January 31, 2024

Skills Database: 4 Reasons Why You Need One

Editorial Team
Skills Database: 4 Reasons Why You Need One

A skills or competency database is more than just a list of skills and competencies. It is a must-have for effective workforce management during a bruising talent crunch.

Whether your organisation is small or large, it is important to know what skills and competencies your employees bring to the table as that is the best way to match the right people with the right jobs. 

We realise it can be difficult to keep track of all the skills in your workforce, given the fact that employees are increasingly developing and learning new skills over the years unlike the days when an individual made a life-long career out of a single set of skills. But this is where a skills database – also called a skills inventory or a competency database – comes handy. Today, creating one is less of an administrative exercise and more of a necessity for effective workforce management and organisational success.

What is a skills database or competency database?

If you’ve read our earlier blogs (such as this one), you’ll know that a skill is a learned activity while a competency is a combination of one’s skills, knowledge, abilities, and behavioural attributes. Skills and competencies are essential to managing human resources competently because both individuals and positions can be fully described in terms of the skills and competencies they possess and require.

A skill database or competency database is a compilation of the skills and competencies within an organisation. However, it is more than just that. A skill database must act as a measuring or rating tool for each of the skills and competencies it holds. So, it must ideally include proficiency and expertise levels (wherever possible), qualifications, certifications, and much more. A well-defined competency database not only identifies the skills and competencies employees currently possess but also those that the organisation needs to acquire and support over time. Such a catalogue of skills is usually drawn from self-assessments by employees or assessments conducted by the organisation or a combination of both.

What goes into a skills database?

If you’re familiar with MuchSkills, you’ll know that we help organisations create a modern skills matrix or competency matrix. A skills matrix visually maps the skills and competencies of each employee in an organisation. Creating a skills matrix is an essential step in the process of building a skills database. Both are similar as far as their contents go. These include the following:

A list of skills and competencies

Based on your organisation’s strategy and requirements, your skills database must include all the skills and competencies it possesses and requires. For better understanding, skills can be categorised as:

  • Technical skills (data analysis, computer programming languages, Excel, book-keeping, etc)
  • Soft skills (active listening, adaptability, empathy, critical thinking, etc)
  • Leadership skills (relationship-building, problem-solving, decision-making, communication, flexibility, etc)
  • Other skills (languages, cultural competency, etc)   
Skills Overview MuchSkills

Proficiency levels

Next, the skills database needs a measuring tool to assess and rate each skill or competency. To give you an example, MuchSkills follows a 3x3 assessment system where an employee can rank themselves as ‘beginner’, ‘intermediate’, or ‘expert’ in a specific skill. Within those three levels, there are a further three levels for a more detailed reading of one’s level of proficiency or expertise. Your skills database should be comprehensive enough to tell you exactly how proficient an employee is with a particular skill or define the proficiency level required for a specific position.

Skills Distribution organisation wide

Professional certifications and educational qualifications

These verify that an employee is trained and competent to perform a task. With this information, you can easily assign employees with the right credentials to clients who request them.

Work experience

This not only includes the number of years an employee has been working but the various industries and fields they might have worked in, the projects they were on, positions they have held in the past, and so on.

Work preferences and interests

Whenever permissible, giving employees tasks that match their interests or preferences is a great idea as it improves staff morale, job satisfaction, and performance. Therefore, it’s always a good idea for employees to be able to list this information in their skills profile in the organisation’s skills inventory.

Why does your organisation need a skills/competency database?

If used correctly, your employee skills database can have a positive impact on many organisational functions:

1. Workforce management

A skills inventory ensures your understanding of your workforce is authentic and not just at a superficial level. With this knowledge, you can make sure that teams and projects are peopled with individuals who have the necessary skills, expertise, and competence to carry out their responsibilities and meet laid-down goals and targets. Furthermore, an in-depth knowledge of your employees is a must if you want to accurately predict your organisation’s ability to successfully take on new projects and keep your customers happy.

2. Skill gap analysis

Having a database of skills – a list of the skills found within the organisation and those it needs to be successful – helps organisations to conduct a skills gap analysis easily, equipping them with the knowledge they need to plug these gaps. 

Skill gap analysis

With 87% of organisations reporting a skills gap or expecting one to occur within the next few years, it is important for organisations to conduct a skills gap analysis at least once a year. 

Organisations that use their employee skills database to conduct a skills gap analysis can then take the following steps to close those critical gaps:

  • Train and upskill your employees in the important skills and competencies your organisation lacks but requires in the not-so-far future. Using insights drawn from your skills database, you can make sure your employees not only learn the skills they need but that they also acquire the required proficiency in those skills. Organisations that strategically reduce skill gaps through learning and development motivate employees to learn and grow and put themselves on track to meet their business objectives and goals.
  • Hire skilled talent if you are short on time to upskill or reskill your current staff. That doesn’t mean that your skills database is a handy tool only when you need to make urgent hires. It can actually help you strategically plan all recruitment so that you slowly but surely acquire the full range of skills and competencies you are missing, strengthen your core skills, and reduce areas of weakness.

3. Employee retention

In the wake of the Great Resignation or Great Reshuffle – which has seen the global workforce switch jobs at a rapid pace and organisations struggle with more vacancies than candidates – your skills database or skills inventory can be used as an effective tool for employee retention. This is especially true in organisations that conduct skills gap analysis regularly and subsequently provide training opportunities to employees who are found lacking in the desired skills or skill levels.

A well-defined skills inventory also demonstrates what skills and expertise employees need to reach a given position, which can motivate them to gain the skills they need to get these jobs.

Much like skills training, clearly defined pathways for career progression are key to retaining employees in these turbulent times. According to a 2022 Pew Research Centre survey, 33% of Americans who quit their jobs in the previous year cited lack of career advancement opportunities as a major reason. 

4. Succession and leadership planning

A competency database is a valuable source of information when you need to fill positions internally. It tells you which of your employees have the skills, competencies, and behavioural attributes that make them suitable for a specific position that has just opened up. Your choice need not be limited to a particular department. Your skills database will also let you know if the most suitable candidate is in an unrelated department. Internal mobility offers your employees more opportunities for career advancement, which is conducive to having a healthy retention rate as well.

Apart from succession planning, a skills database can also assist in leadership planning. A well-defined skills inventory lists the leadership skills and qualities your employees possess. Using this information, you can educate and train your next generation of leaders long before your current leaders step down. This is essential as several factors – the retirement of a large number of Baby Boomers (those born between 1946 and 1964), a high-pitched battle for scarce talent, and the absence of effective leadership development programmes, among others – have left a yawning leadership gap in most organisations.

What makes an effective skills/competency database?

Now that we’ve established why every organisation needs a skills database, how can you ensure the resource you’ve created gives you the desired results? Here are some best practices that will make your employee skills database an invaluable asset:

1. Define and classify each skill and competency

Establish standard definitions for skills and competencies to avoid confusion. Then, identify the skills and competencies required for each role, department, team, or the organisation as a whole. Include proficiency levels as well. Make it crystal clear what skills and expertise levels employees must achieve to take on a given role or be included in a particular project or team. Do not include skills that are irrelevant to a task or team just for the sake of populating your database. When your skills database is an inventory of information that has been classified and organised in such an efficient manner, it is called a skills taxonomy

The good news is that organisations don’t have to develop such a taxonomy from scratch because there are several online skills taxonomies that you could take inspiration from. These include O*Net (United States‍), ESCO (European Union‍), Nesta (United Kingdom‍), SkillsFuture (Singapore) and SFIA (for the digital world) 

2. Use a consistent unit of measurement

A consistent system of measurement will help you verify that an employee’s proficiency level in a skill is exactly what they claim it is. This system must be applied across departments and teams to ensure uniformity. There are many types of systems to measure skill levels. Some organisations rate proficiency on a 1 to 5 scale. MuchSkills, as we mentioned earlier, uses a multi-layered 3x3 system to get a nuanced reading of each skill level. It’s important to go with the system that works for your organisation. And once you’ve decided on your measurement system, make sure you implement it with the active participation of your employees and leaders.

3. Ensure regular updates

To make the right impact, your skills database needs to be a living, breathing resource. That means the information it holds must be accurate and up-to-date at all times. If some of your employees have completed a training session or passed a test to raise their proficiency levels, make sure the information is updated immediately. You could also conduct periodic assessments or self-assessments for your employees and update the data at the end of each exercise. Some organisations provide their employees with access to the database so they can update the information themselves. They have found this to be a practical and time-saving solution. Others put an employee or employees in charge of managing the information and keeping it fresh. Whatever method you use, remember that a formal review and update process is always better than an ad-hoc one.

For some of us, developing a skills database from scratch and tracking and monitoring it continuously might seem like a time-consuming and monotonous exercise. But it need not be. The existence of numerous digital skills database software makes the process quite efficient and simple. By using a skills management software or a skills management platform like MuchSkills, you can not only automate repetitive tasks such as reporting and updating new skills on the database but even create skills matrices and comprehensive employee skill profiles, track employee certifications, conduct real-time skills gap analysis, and get a complete overview of your organisation’s skills that allows you to form agile, high-performing teams.

Subscribe to MuchSkills Skills Research, Reports and Articles

Enjoying our articles?

Subscribe to our newsletter to receive MuchSkills insights directly in your inbox. Don't worry we will respect your inbox

Thank you! Your submission has been received!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.
Sign up to MuchSkills for free

Try MuchSkills today

Start for free and add your whole team

Sign up for free

Webinar Alert
How to Analyse the Skills Gaps in Your Organisation

Register Now